{"id":640,"date":"2026-05-10T14:20:39","date_gmt":"2026-05-10T06:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/?post_type=thread&p=640"},"modified":"2026-05-24T02:09:56","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T18:09:56","slug":"sklearn-air-quality-prediction","status":"publish","type":"thread","link":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/thread\/sklearn-air-quality-prediction\/","title":{"rendered":"Scikit-learn\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8bf4\u8d77\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u7269\u7406\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u8005\u5316\u5b66\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u6c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u6742\u5230\u8fde\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u90fd\u7b97\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5f00\u59cb\u62a2\u996d\u7897\u2014\u2014\u800cScikit-learn\u6b63\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u8d81\u624b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u539f\u7406\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8ba9\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u609f\u201d\u51fa\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6c14\u8c61\u3001\u6392\u653e\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u4eba\u786c\u5199\u516c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\uff1a\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0b\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2a\u56de\u5f52\u4efb\u52a1\u2014\u2014\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5c0f\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u5929\u7684PM2.5\u3001PM10\u3001NO\u2082\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6e7f\u5ea6\u3001\u98ce\u901f\u3001\u98ce\u5411\u7b49\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u503c\u3002Scikit-learn\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5957\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u539f\u7406\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8c03\u54ea\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u7279\u5f81\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u566a\u58f0\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u538b\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u201c\u6f5c\u89c4\u5219\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u810f\u5f97\u79bb\u8c31\uff1a\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6f02\u79fb\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u91cf\u7eb2\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u662f0-40\u2103\uff0cPM2.5\u662f0-500\u03bcg\/m\u00b3\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u6254\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u8ba9\u68af\u5ea6\u7206\u70b8\u3002Scikit-learn\u7684StandardScaler<\/code>\u6216MinMaxScaler<\/code>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6807\u914d\u2014\u2014\u628a\u7279\u5f81\u62c9\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4f1a\u5f7b\u5e95\u4e71\u5957\u3002\u66f4\u8fdb\u9636\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u6784\u9020\u6ede\u540e\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u7528t-1\u5c0f\u65f6\u3001t-2\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684PM2.5\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u60ef\u6027\u3002PolynomialFeatures<\/code>\u8fd8\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u4ea4\u53c9\u9879\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u98ce\u901f\u00d7\u6e7f\u5ea6\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6355\u6349\u4e8c\u6b21\u6548\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u96fe\u973e\u5929\u6e7f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u65f6\u98ce\u901f\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u5806\u79ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ea4\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u7279\u5f81\u80fd\u5e2e\u5b83\u4e00\u628a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a21\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u201c\u9119\u89c6\u94fe\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u4eba\u4f1a\u50bb\u5230\u53ea\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u3002\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff1a\u9006\u6e29\u5c42\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5782\u76f4\u6269\u6563\u53d7\u963b\u3001\u5149\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u53ea\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5149\u7167\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u3002Scikit-learn\u7684\u968f\u673a\u68ee\u6797\uff08RandomForestRegressor<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u68af\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u6811\uff08GradientBoostingRegressor<\/code>\uff09\u662f\u4e3b\u529b\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u9c81\u68d2\uff0c\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u6355\u6349\u7279\u5f81\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7528\u505a\u592a\u591a\u7279\u5f81\u7f29\u653e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u6709\u8f6f\u808b\uff1a\u5bf9\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u5916\u63a8\u80fd\u529b\u5f31\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u4ece\u672a\u6709\u8fc7\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u6c61\u67d3\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u201c\u61f5\u5708\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u56de\u5f52\uff08SVR<\/code>\uff09\u914d\u5408RBF\u6838\u53cd\u800c\u80fd\u753b\u51fa\u66f4\u5e73\u6ed1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u8c03\u53c2\u75db\u82e6\u2014\u2014C<\/code>\u3001epsilon<\/code>\u3001gamma<\/code>\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u80fd\u8ba9\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6389\u5149\u5934\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a\u522b\u88ab\u6f02\u4eae\u6570\u5b57\u9a97\u4e86<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u62ff\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u5212\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e0aR\u00b2\u9ad8\u8fbe0.95\uff0c\u4e00\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5c31\u5d29\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u2014\u2014\u51ac\u5b63\u4f9b\u6696\u671f\u548c\u590f\u5b63\u81ed\u6c27\u9ad8\u53d1\u671f\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002Scikit-learn\u7684TimeSeriesSplit<\/code>\u624d\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5b83\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6a21\u578b\u201c\u5077\u770b\u201d\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u666e\u901aK\u6298\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u6362\u6210\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540eR\u00b2\u76f4\u63a5\u6389\u52300.6\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff1a\u7279\u5f81\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8c\u968f\u673a\u68ee\u6797\u540e\uff0c\u8c03\u7528feature_importances_<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u201c\u524d1\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684PM2.5\u6d53\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c14\u8c61\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5728\u201c\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\u201d\u65f6\u5e8f\u60ef\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6545\u969c\u5bfc\u81f4\u524d\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u5c31\u4f1a\u65ad\u5d16\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8dcc\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u6545\u610f\u5c4f\u853d\u6389\u90e8\u5206\u6ede\u540e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u6a21\u578b\u53bb\u5b66\u6c14\u8c61\u4e0e\u6392\u653e\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559t-24\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u98ce\u901f\u3001\u8fb9\u754c\u5c42\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scikit-learn\u7684\u4f18\u96c5\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u62c6\u6210\u4e86\u53ef\u63d2\u62d4\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7528Pipeline<\/code>\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u641c\u7d22\u7528GridSearchCV<\/code>\u81ea\u52a8\u8dd1\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7528joblib<\/code>\u5b58\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f60\u5728\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662fjoblib.load('model.pkl')<\/code>\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u51e0\u767eKB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u7740\u6570\u767e\u68f5\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u5927\u6c14\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6620\u5c04\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5982CFD\u6a21\u578b\u7269\u7406\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4f46\u80dc\u5728\u5feb\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u503c\uff0c\u51e0\u6beb\u79d2\u5c31\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u672a\u6765\u4e09\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u95e8\u524d\u7ea0\u7ed3\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u6234\u53e3\u7f69\u7684\u4eba\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-640","thread","type-thread","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thread\/640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thread"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/thread"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nanoturtle.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}